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Richard Field (or Feild) (1561–1624) was a printer and publisher in Elizabethan London, best known for his close association with the poems of William Shakespeare, with whom he grew up in Stratford-upon-Avon.〔Kirwood, A. E. M. "Richard Field, Printer, 1589–1624." ''The Library'' 12 (1931), pp. 1–35.〕 ==Life and career== Field's family lived on Bridge Street, Stratford-upon-Avon, close to the Shakespeares' house on Henley Street. His father was a tanner. It is generally accepted that Shakespeare and Field knew each other in Stratford, since they were similar in age and their fathers were in similar businesses (tanner and glover). After Field's father Henry died in August 1592, William's father John Shakespeare was one of the local officials charged with the appraisal of the deceased man's property. In 1579 Richard Field began an apprenticeship with the London printers George Bishop and Thomas Vautrollier. Vautrollier died in 1587. In 1588, Field collaborated with Jacqueline Vautrollier, Thomas Vautrollier's widow and a printer in her own right, on ''The copie of a letter sent out of England to Don Bernardin Mendoza declaring the state of England''. This piece of Protestant propaganda was the first work to bear Field's name. Field went on to marry Jacqueline in 1589. He succeeded to his former master's business, "one of the best in London."〔Halliday, F. E. ''A Shakespeare Companion 1564–1864.'' Baltimore, Penguin, 1964; p. 165.〕 Field's shop was in the Blackfriars area of London, near Ludgate. He regularly printed works for the most highly regarded publishers in London, including William Ponsonby and Edward Blount. In 1592 his brother, Jasper Field, joined Richard's business as an apprentice. Field's Protestantism led him to publish a number of Spanish-language Protestant works for sale in Catholic Spain, under the name "Ricardo del Campo." Examples include a translation of Calvin's reformed catechism, ''Catecismo que significa forma de instrucion, que contiene los principios de la religion de dios, util y necessario para todo fiel Christiano : compuesto en manera de dialogo, donde pregunta el maestro, y responde el discipulo'' (1596). His Spanish works included a number which claimed to be written by Cipriano de Valera, including ''Dos tratados. El primero es del Papa y de su autoridad colegido de su vida y dotrina, y de lo que los dotores y concilios antiguos y la misma sagrada Escritura enseñan. El segundo es de la Missa recopilado de los dotores y concilios y de la sagrada Escritura'' (1599) and a Spanish New Testament (1596). For his title pages, Field adopted an Aldine device, an anchor with the Latin motto ''Anchora Spei,'' "anchor of hope," which previously belonged to the Vautrolliers. In Field's era, the trades of printer and publisher were to some significant degree separate activities: booksellers acted as publishers and commissioned printers to do the requisite printing. Field concentrated more on printing than publishing: of the roughly 295 books he printed in his career, he was publisher of perhaps 112, while the rest were published by other stationers.〔Kirwood, p. 13.〕 When, for example, Andrew Wise published Thomas Campion's ''Observations in the Art of English Poesy'' in 1602, the volume was printed by Field. Field rose to be one of the 22 master printers of the Stationers Company. From 1615 on he kept his shop in Wood Street, near his home. Field had a number of apprentices, one being George Miller. After Field's death in 1624, his business passed to the partners Richard Badger and George Miller, who continued to employ the Aldine device. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Richard Field (printer)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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